奨Ⅲ 章 2) Yousef AA, El‒Mashad NM. Pre‒emptive value of methylprednisolone intravenous infusion in patients with vertebral metastases. A double‒blind randomized study. J Pain Symptom Man-age 2014;48:762‒9 3) Twycross RG, Guppy D. Prednisolone in terminal breast and bronchogenic cancer. Practitio- 4) Bruera E, Roca E, Cedaro L, et al. Action of oral methylprednisolone in terminal cancer 5) Della Cuna GR, Pellegrini A, Piazzi M. Effect of methylprednisolone sodium succinate on qual-ity of life in preterminal cancer patients:a placebo‒controlled, multicenter study. The Meth-ylprednisolone Preterminal Cancer Study Group. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1989;25:1817‒21 6) Popiela T, Lucchi R, Giongo F. Methylprednisolone as palliative therapy for female terminal cancer patients. The Methylprednisolone Female Preterminal Cancer Study Group. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 1989;25:1823‒9 7) Vecht CJ, Haaxma‒Reiche H, van Putten WL, et al. Initial bolus of conventional versus high‒ 8) Teshima T, Inoue T, Inoue T, et al. Symptomatic relief for patients with osseous metastasis treated with radiation and methylprednisolone:a prospective randomized study. Radiat Med 1996;14:185‒8 9) Fosså SD, Slee PH, Brausi M, et al. Flutamide versus prednisone in patients with prostate cancer symptomatically progressing after androgen‒ablative therapy:a phase III study of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer genitourinary group. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:62‒71 10) Bruera E, Moyano JR, Sala R, et al. Dexamethasone in addition to metoclopramide for chronic nausea in patients with advanced cancer:a randomized controlled trial. J Pain Symptom Manage 2004;28:381‒8 11) Graham PH, Capp A, Delaney G, et al. A pilot randomised comparison of dexamethasone 96 mg vs 16 mg per day for malignant spinal‒cord compression treated by radiotherapy:TROG 01.05 Superdex study. Clin Oncol(R Coll Radiol)2006;18:70‒6 12) Mercadante SL, Berchovich M, Casuccio A, et al. A prospective randomized study of cortico-steroids as adjuvant drugs to opioids in advanced cancer patients. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2007;24:13‒9 13) Lee SJ, Richardson PG, Sonneveld P, et al. Bortezomib is associated with better health‒related quality of life than high‒dose dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma:results from the APEX study. Br J Haematol 2008;143:511‒9 14) Basile A, Masala S, Banna G, et al. Intrasomatic injection of corticosteroid followed by verte-broplasty increases early pain relief rather than vertebroplasty alone in vertebral bone 射線治療とステロイドを併用すると鎮痛効果が強かった。有害作用はプラセボと比較して同程度であった。 ほとんどの研究で試験期間が1カ月未満であるため,ステロイドの長期投与による有害作用〔ステロイドミオパチー,口腔カンジダ症,高血糖,精神症状(うつ,不眠,せん妄),消化器症状,易感染性,骨粗鬆症〕は十分に評価されていない可能性がある(Vyvey 2010, Haywood 2015)。 これまでの研究と委員会での議論より,①脊髄圧迫症候群を含む神経圧迫に伴う痛み,②放射線治療による一過性の痛みの悪化,③脳転移やがん性髄膜炎による頭蓋内圧亢進症状に伴う頭痛に対して,ステロイドを投与することとした(Chow 2015, Chang 2019)。 以上より,がん疼痛のある患者に対して,鎮痛補助薬としてステロイドの投与を条件付きで推奨する。【引用文献】 1) Yennurajalingam S, Williams JL, Chisholm G, et al. Effects of dexamethasone and placebo on symptom clusters in advanced cancer patients:a preliminary report. Oncologist 2016;21:384‒90ner 1985;229:57‒9patients:a prospective randomized double‒blind study. Cancer Treat Rep 1985;69:751‒4dose dexamethasone in metastatic spinal cord compression. Neurology 1989;39:1255‒7141推1 薬剤に関する臨床疑問
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